Bullying is characterized by the following three criteria:

A) It is aggressive behavior or intentional harm doing

B) It is carried out repeatedly and over time

C) It occurs within an imbalance of power.                        (Olweus 1986, 1991, and 1993)

What are the types of bullying? 

 Bullying can be aggressive (direct) or non-aggressive (Indirect).

Aggressive looks like this:

    Physical: hitting, kicking, spitting

    Verbal: taunting, teasing

    Non-Verbal: gestures, threats

Non-aggressive looks like this:

    Manipulating friendships

    Spreading rumors

    Deliberately excluding someone

    Persuading another student to harass

Equal Power                      

Unequal/Unbalanced Power

Isolated or occasional

Repeated

Not intentionally hurtful

Intentionally hurtful

Not serious threat

Serious threat

Similar emotional reaction             

Marked difference in affect/emotion

Goal is not to control or intimidate

Goal is control and intimidation

Likely to feel remorse

Denies, blames target, no remorse

Willing to solve problem

No desire to solve problem